GiftNavResearch Library
SupportingMeta-analysis / review· Peer-reviewed

Effects of Physical Activity on Motor Skills and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review

Zeng, N., Ayyub, M., Sun, H., Wen, X., Xiang, P., & Gao, Z. (2017 (published December 13, 2017)). BioMed Research International, 2017, article 2760716. DOI: 10.1155/2017/2760716.

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Summary

A systematic review of 15 randomized trials found that structured physical-activity programmes for young children were associated with motor-skill improvements in many of the included trials.

Key findings

  • Many of the 15 reviewed randomized trials found motor-skill improvements from structured physical-activity programmes.
  • Programmes and participants varied considerably across the reviewed trials.

GiftNav takeaway

Supports active/outdoor play as developmentally valuable in general -- but the reviewed evidence is about structured programmes and practice, skews toward ages 4-6 (older than part of GiftNav's 3-4 band), and does not establish that any specific ride-on or outdoor toy produces these effects.

Limitations & cautions

Evidence is about structured activity programmes, not individual toys or products, and skews toward an older age range (4-6) than the youngest children in GiftNav's preschool band (age 3). Findings should not be extrapolated uniformly down to age 3.

Last reviewed September 15, 2026.

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